Comprehensive review of the incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve / 대한해부학회지

The incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve is a vital anatomical structure within the anterior mandible that has not been thoroughly defined and outlined in reports in the literature until recent years. Advances in radiological imaging, particularly the widespread use of cone-beam computed tomography has allowed for accurate visualization of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) and its associated incisive branch of the inferior alveolar nerve. Surgical damage to the MIC, which could result in hemorrhage and sensory disturbance, may occur in commonly practiced oral and maxillofacial procedures, such as chin bone harvesting, implant placement, fracture repair and removal of pathologic entities of the anterior mandible. Knowledge of both the presence, dimensions and location of the incisive branch is a vital component to pre and peri-operative planning of oral and maxillofacial surgeries performed within the mandible, particularly within the interforaminal zone. In this article, the terminology, anatomy, imaging, surgical consideration, and pathology of the incisive branch will be discussed.

Some opinions of electric accidents in 161 patients in Cho Ray Hospital

A study on 161 patients treated in the Burn Department of Chî RÉy Hospital has shown that the accidents occurred frequently in ages of 15-40. The major circumstances of accidents mainly were antenna installation, construction, and house repair under the high change electricity. The electric equipment and machines did not cause the electric burn but severe cardiac lesion. The mortality rate was very high. The active, urgent artificial respiratory and cardiac massage is very important after cutting the electric resource.

Virological surveillance of dengue haemorrhagic fever epidemics in Southern provinces of Viet Nam from 1987 to 1998

In Southern Viet Nam, since 1987 up to now, the viroligical surveillance offered knowledge of the epidemic serotype of dengue virus by years and its activity cycle as dengue-1 is 6 years since 1990; dengue-3 was introduced since 1995 and still acting for 2 or 3 years in the future. Genomic structure of the DEN-2/Vietnam/87 is somewhat different in comparison with many topotypes in the world, but closely related to the DEN-2 topotype of Jamaica. A close relationship has demonstrated between the DEN-3/VietNam/97-98 with the DEN-3/Thailand/1987. Confirmed DHF cases are demonstrated through virological and serological surveillance in the first quarter of the year. Therefore, the active surveillance and the DHF control programme must be implemented within this time

Fluoride in the water resources in the Tam Diep, Vinh Quynh, Dinh Cong and Van Phuc, Thanh Tri Hanoi

Some indicators of the water from rain, well, river, pond, lake drilling well, especially fluoride in the contaminated water resources in Vinh Quynh and Tam Diep communes and Van Phuc, Dinh Cong communes (control), Thanh Tri district, Hanoi were analysed. The concentration of fluoride, PH, and water’s hardness- and the rate of the enamel disorder in children with ages of 6-12 in Tam Diep and Van Phuc commune were determined. The results have shown that the concentration of fluoride in all water resources was low and threr is a significant difference from the contaminated areas and control.

Some opinions of the microbial flora in the gingival fluid and caries

A study aimed at the determination of the microbial flora in the gingival fluid and carries and paradontal bursal fluid. 30 persons in Dinh Dong commune, Thanh Tri district Hanoi classified as age, gender participated the study. The results have shown that there was a balance of the microbial flora in the mouth and gingival fluid and carries and paradontal bursal fluid. The imbalance occurred when gingivitis or periodontitis appeared. The highest increased microbials were anaerobic microbial and spirillum.

Outbreaks of Dengue haemorrhagic fever in South of Vietnam, 1998

In 1998, Dengue viruses were prevalent in Southern Vietnam and 455.70 cases/100,000 population with 347 deaths were recorded. 219 dengue viruses were isolated from dengue haemorrhagic fever patients' serum, in which there were 26 dengue-1, 27 dengue-2, 162 dengue-3 and 4 dengue-4. 65.88% of isolates were recovered from children under 14 years old, 18.22% from older patients

The primarily report on the detection of Hantavirus in the South of Vietnam

Viruses in the Hantavirus genus, familay Bunyaviridae, include a number of important pathogens that cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. In 1995, 78 human serum samples (with haemorrhagic fever syndrome) which were negative for dengue antibodies, 92 healthy human and 58 rodent sera (rattus norvegicus, rattus rattus) were collected for the detection of hantavirus antibodies. Their sera were assayed at first by the IgG- capture ELISA test. These preliminary results showed that there was circulation of Hantavirus and it is a causative agent of haemorrhagic fever in human in some areas in South Vietnam.

Opinions of 35 cases were given cardiac electric shock at Emergency Department of Cho Ray Hospital

Electric accidents that are increasing can damage myocardium, lead to reduce contraction of myocardium, ventricular fibrillation, non-systole, and eventually cardiac arrest. Study on 35 patients with cardiac and breathing arrest since 1995-1997 shown that the youngest people were died when they contacted with low voltage due to arrhythmia. The first aid is very important, artificial respiration, cardiac massage, it shouldn't transfer to hospital when they have cardiac and breathing arrest. First dose of electric shock: 200J, second time: 3000J, and from third time: 4000J. It should use electric safe devices.

Comment on indications of limb amputation in 13 high-voltage electrical burns that were treated in Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City

53 patients with high-voltage electrical burns who were treated in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of Cho Ray Hospital from January 1995 to August 1997 were reviewed. There were 126 electrical burn admissions in this period. Rate of high-voltage electrical burns was 42.06%. Amputation is required in 13 patients because of progressive muscle necrosis and infection. Fasciotomy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes may be needed.

Clinical burn injuries due to electroporation: mechanism still debate

Joule heating has long been considered as the principal component of tissue damage in electrical injury. Recent studies suggest electroporation, a nonthermally medicated mechanism of cell membrane damage, is also an important factor. This study is significant because it directly addresses whether nonthermal mechanisms of cell damage can cause tissue necrosis without visible thermal changes.